[C Programming Language] Branching (IF ELSE / SWITCH CASE) in C Programming Language

BRANCHING/ DECISION
(IF ELSE / SWITCH CASE)

Three Main Construction of Programming :

1. Sequential

2. Branching / Decision

3. Looping / Repetition

Branching :

- A process to make a decision based on the condition which has been evaluated before.

There are two types of branching :

1. IF – ELSE

Syntax : if (condition){

statement – 1;

statement – n;

}

else if (condition){

statement – 1;

statement – n;

}

Flowchart :

Example :

#include

#include

int main()

{

int T;

printf("Enter temperature (Celcius) : ");

scanf("%d",&T);

if (T>30)

{

printf("Arghhhhhhh, Hot!");

}

else if (T<0)

{

printf("Ouchhhhh, Cold !");

}

else printf("Yummy! Cool.");

getch();

return(0);

}

2. SWITCH – CASE

Syntax : switch (kondisi) {

case 1 : pernyataan-1;

break;

case 2 : pernyataan-2;

break;

.....

.....

case n : pernyataan-n;

break;

default : pernyataan-m

}

Flowchart :

Example :

#include

#include

int main()

{

char IP;

printf("Enter your result in alphabet : ");

scanf("%c",&IP);

switch (IP)

{

case 'A' : printf("4");

break;

case 'B' : printf("3");

break;

case 'C' : printf("2");

break;

case 'D' : printf("1");

break;

case 'E' : printf("0");

break;

default : printf("The input isn’t valid.");

}

getch();

return(0);

}

The difference between IF-ELSE and SWITCH-CASE :

IF ELSE :

To make a decision between 2 choices. For example :

If the value is greater than 70 (seventy) then the student passes the exam.

Else, the student doesn’t pass the exam.

SWITCH CASE :

To make a decision which has more than 2 choices. For example :

A is converted to 4.

B is converted to 3.

C is converted to 2.

D is converted to 1.

E is converted to 0.